Shopping on line can be easy, simple and save you lots of money. It can also take a lot of your time, frustrate you, and result in unwanted purchases. Now the same can be said for regular high street shopping, but with the vast opportunity presented by the Internet it will pay you to spend a few minutes reading this and understanding how to better optimize your Pony Express shopping experience:
1. Compare - without doubt the biggest advantage that the Pony Express offers shoppers today is the ability to compare thousands of Pony Express at a time. This is a great thing, but not necessarily all the time! Too much can be daunting at times so take advantage of the great comparison sites and where possible let them do the hard work for you.
2. Research - if it has been said it will be on the internet. Ignorance is no longer a justifiable reason for buying the wrong thing. Take the time to research in detail everything that you could possible want to know about
3. Testimonials - don't know anybody that has bought a Pony Express? Wrong! If the Pony Express is good the internet will let you know. Use the Internet as a friend and get testimonials before you buy.
4. Questions - Got a question about Pony Express then search the Forums, FAQ's, Blogs etc. Don't be afraid to ask .....
5. Reputation - Never heard of the company selling Pony Express? Don't worry, no reason why you should know every company in the world, but you know someone that does! Use the internet to find out what people are saying about Pony Express and build up a picture of their reputation for sales, returns, customer service, delivery etc.
6. Returns - still worried that even after all of the above your Pony Express wont be what you want? Check out the returns policy. There is so much competition now that someone, somewhere is bound to offer the terms that you are comfortable with.
7. Feedback - happy with your Pony Express then let people know, after all you are depending on others people input in your buying decision, so why not give a little back.
8. Security - check for the yellow padlock on the Pony Express site before you buy, and the s after http:/ /i.e. https:// = a secure site
9. Contact - got a question about Pony Express, or want to leave a comment then check out the sites contact page. Reputable companies have them and respond.
10. Payment - ready to pay for your Pony Express, then use your credit card or PayPal! Be aware of companies that don't accept them, there may be genuine reasons but given the huge amount of choice you have when buying online there is no reason at all not to buy via credit card or PayPal.
The
Pony Express was a fast mail service crossing the
North American continent from St. Joseph, Missouri, to San Francisco from April 1860 to October 1861. Messages were mail delivery by animal relay across the prairies, plains, deserts, and mountains of the
Western United States. It briefly reduced the time for mail to travel between the
Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean coasts to around ten days. Bradley, Glenn D.
The Story of the Pony Express: An Account of the Most Remarkable Mail Service Ever in Existence, and Its Place in History. Project Gutenberg Release #4671
By traveling a slightly shorter route and using mounted riders rather than stagecoaches, the founders of the Pony Express hoped to establish their service as a faster and more reliable conduit for the mail and win away the exclusive government mail contract.
The Pony Express demonstrated that a unified transcontinental system could be built and operated continuously the year around — something that had previously been regarded as impossible. Since its replacement by the
First Transcontinental Telegraph and First Transcontinental Railroad, the Pony Express has entered the romance of the American Old West. Its reliance on the ability and endurance of the individual riders and horses over technological innovation is part of "American rugged individualism".
In 2006, the
United States Postal Service trademarked the name "Pony Express".
Background
in St. Joseph, MissouriFounded By
William Hepburn Russell,
William B. Waddell, and Alexander Majors, the Pony Express officially opened on April 3, 1860. The first trip, westbound, was made in 10 days, 7 hours, and 45 minutes. The eastbound trip was made in 11 days and 12 hrs. Every 24hrs they covered 250 mi.The Pony Express, established a year before the beginning of the American Civil War, reflected the need to provide fast and reliable communication with the West.
In 1845, it took
President of the United States James K. Polk six months to deliver a message to the Far West. Messages in those days had to travel around the tip of
South America (
Tierra del Fuego) or across the
isthmus of Panama.
By 1860, the fastest route was the Butterfield Overland Mail line from
St. Louis, Missouri, through El Paso, Texas, which took 25 days. It was almost 600 miles (950 km) shorter to deliver the mail over a
Central Nevada Route or
California Trail route. There were concerns, however, whether these alternatives were viable during the winter snows.
In 1854, Benjamin Franklin Ficklin, an employee of the firm of Russell, Majors and Waddell, is said to have first proposed a faster northern route to California Senator William M. Gwin.Russell, Majors and Waddell, headquartered in
Lexington, Missouri (the hometown of Russell and Waddell), was one of the biggest outfitters for travelers on the
Santa Fe Trail and
Oregon Trail trails. The firm operated a vast complex in the West Bottoms of Kansas City, Missouri, and also outfitted the army from its western base at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas.
In October 1857, Russell, Majors and Waddell faced financial ruin when Lot Smith and his Nauvoo Legion destroyed 54 of their wagons during the Utah War. The Army did not reimburse the firm, and the company began looking for other avenues for funds. In 1859, they bought from
Ben Holladay the contract to deliver mail between Leavenworth and
Salt Lake City, Utah.
On
January 27, 1860, William Hepburn Russell wired the firm from Leavenworth that Gwin was supporting a contract for California service on the central route provided that it be delivered in 10 days and be ready to debut by April. They renamed their Leavenworth & Pikes Peak Express to the Central Overland California and Pikes Peak Express Company to attempt the feat.
The
Hannibal & St. Joseph Railroad had just opened in 1859 and was the first railroad to cross Missouri. It was 30 miles (48 km) up the
Missouri River from Leavenworth in St. Joseph. It was determined that this would be the starting point for a rapid central mail route to California.
Alexander Majors and Ficklin assembled 190 relay stations over 1,966 miles (3,106 km) from St. Joseph to Sacramento, along with 50 riders and 500 horses. They completed the task in time for the
April 3,
1860, opening. Ficklin later clashed with Russell and quit the business in July 1860. He became one of the incorporators of the Pacific Telegraph Company.
Operation
in St. Joseph, MissouriPony Express stations were placed at intervals of about 10 miles (16 km) along the route , roughly the maximum distance a horse can travel at full gallop. The rider changed to a fresh horse at each station, taking only the mail pouch (called a
mochila, Spanish (from
Basque language) for "pouch") with him. The
mochila was thrown over the saddle and held in place by the weight of the rider sitting on it. Each corner had a
cantina, or pocket. Bundles of mail were placed in these
cantinas, which were padlocked for safety. The
mochila could hold 20 pounds (10 kg) of mail along with the 20 pounds of material carried on the horse, allowing for a total of 165 pounds (75 kg) on the horse's back. Riders, who could not weigh over 125 pounds, were changed about every 75–100 miles (120-160 km). Included in that 20 pounds were: a water sac, a Bible, a knife, a horn for alerting the relay station master to prepare the next horse, a revolver, and a choice of a rifle or another revolver. Eventually, they took away everything except one revolver and a water sac to cut down on the weight. The riders received $100 per month as pay.
Majors had acquired over 400 horses for the project, and these averaged about 14½ hands (1.47 m) high and weighed under 900 pounds (410 kg), thus the name
pony was appropriate, even if not strictly correct for all the horses.
Route
The route roughly followed the
Oregon Trail,
Mormon Trail and California Trail.After crossing the Missouri River at St. Joseph to Kansas, it followed what is modern day U.S. Route 36—the
Pony Express Highway—to Marysville, Kansas, where it turned northwest following
Little Blue River to
Fort Kearney in
Nebraska. Through Nebraska it followed the Platte River, cutting through Gothenburg, Nebraska and passing Courthouse Rock,
Chimney Rock, and
Scotts Bluff National Monument, clipping the edge of Colorado at
Julesburg, Colorado, before arriving Fort Laramie in
Wyoming. From there it followed the
Sweetwater River (Wyoming), passing Independence Rock, Devil's Gate, and
Split Rock, to Fort Caspar, through South Pass to
Fort Bridger and then down to Salt Lake City. It crossed the Great Basin, the
Central Nevada Route, and the Sierra Nevada (U.S.) near Lake Tahoe before arriving in
Sacramento. Mail was then sent via steamer down the Sacramento River to San Francisco. On a few instances when the steamer was missed, riders took the mail via horseback to Oakland, California.
The First Ride
The rides were scheduled to leave San Francisco and St. Joseph simultaneously on April 3, 1860 although the westbound route has gotten more publicity. No photographs of riders beginning in either direction are known and none are believed to exist.
Westbound
The messenger delivering the
mochila from
New York City and
Washington, D.C. missed a connection in Detroit, Michigan and arrived in
Hannibal, Missouri, two hours late. The railroad cleared the track and dispatched a special locomotive called the "Missouri" with a one-car train to make the 206-mile (332 km) trek across the state in a record 4 hours, 51 minutes — an average of 40 miles per hour (64 km/h). Hannibal & Joseph Railroad at xphomestation.com It arrived at Olive and 8th Street — a few blocks from the company's new headquarters in a hotel at
Patee House at 12th Street and Pennsylvania and the company's nearby stables on Pennsylvania. The first pouch contained 49 letters, five private telegrams, and some papers for San Francisco and intermediate points.
The Great Race Against Time: Birth of the Pony Express - National Park Service
St. Joseph Mayor
M. Jeff Thompson, William Russell and Alexander Majors gave speeches before the
mochila was handed off. There is debate over who actually was the first rider. The ride began at about 7:15 p.m.
The first horse-ridden leg of the Express was only about a half mile (800 m) from the Express stables/railroad area to the Missouri River ferry at the foot of Jules Street.
Johnny Fry is credited as the first "real" westbound rider. He carried the pouch across the Missouri River ferry to Elwood, Kansas. Reports indicated that horse and rider crossed the river; however, subsequently, the courier crossed the river without a horse, getting the mount at a stable on the other side. Fry then rode to
Seneca, Kansas.
Johnson William Richardson, who was 9 at the time, was believed to have been the actual first rider when he took the pouch the few blocks to the ferry. His brother who managed the stables is said to have thrown the mailbags on his mount. Richardson did not ride after this first instance. First Rider - Westbound at xhomestation.com
The first westbound mochila reached its destination, San Francisco, on April 14, at 1:00 a.m.
Eastbound
James Randall is credited as the first rider from the San Francisco Alta telegraph office since he was on the steamship
Antelope to go to Sacramento. At 2:45 a.m., William (Sam) Hamilton was the first rider to begin the journey from Sacramento.
Closing
was cancelled in
Virginia City, Nevada, Nevada, and used on a revived Pony Express run between there and
Sacramento beginning in 1862.Although the Pony Express proved that the central/northern route was viable, Russell, Majors and Waddell did not get the contract to deliver mail over the route. The contract was instead awarded to
Ben Holladay in March 1861, who had taken over the Butterfield Stage. Holladay took over the Russell, Majors and Waddell stations for his stagecoaches. From March 1861, the Pony Express only ran mail between Salt Lake City and Sacramento. The Pony Express announced its closure on October 26, 1861, two days after the
First Transcontinental Telegraph reached Salt Lake City. The History stjosephmuseum.org
The Pony Express had grossed $90,000 and lost $200,000. Financial Problems at xhomestation.com In 1866, after the American Civil War was over, Holladay sold the Pony Express assets along with the remnants of the Butterfield Stage to
Wells Fargo for $1.5 million.
Trademarks and logos
security patchWells Fargo used the Pony Express logo for its guard and armored car service. The logo continued to be used when other companies took over the security business into the 1990s. Effective 2001, the Pony Express logo was no longer used for security businesses since the business has been sold. WELLS FARGO REACQUIRES NAME RIGHTS FROM BORG-WARNER May 4, 1999 Press Release
In June 2006, the United States Postal Service announced it had trademarked "Pony Express" along with
Air Mail. U.S. POSTAL SERVICE EXPANDS LICENSING PROGRAM News Release #06-043 June 20, 2006
"Pony Express" is
trademarked name used by Freight Link international courier services company in Russia, their logo is also similar to the one trademarked by United States Postal Service with "Since 1860" written under the image. Pony Express Russia (Freight Link)
Legacy
Pony Express statues are in Sacramento;
Stateline, Nevada; Reno, Nevada; Salt Lake City;
Casper, Wyoming; Julesburg, Colorado;
North Kansas City, Missouri; and St. Joseph. The original and most famous is the one dedicated on April 20, 1940, in St. Joseph. It was sculpted by Hermon Atkins MacNeil. It is at City Hall Park. The city has rejected proposals to move it to the park opposite the stables.
McGraw Hill and AMERIKIDS USA produced the educational game PONY EXPRESS RIDER in 1996 to teach the value of the Pony Express in helping the Union win the Civil War. The Pony Express helped the Union uncover the plans of the Knights of the Golden Circle.
See also
External links
- Detailed history of the Pony Express
- St. Joseph Museum Inc., Pony Express History
- Hollenberg Pony Express Station
- Pony Express home station
- "The Story Of The Pony Express" from the National Postal Museum
- The Pony Express for Kids
- Pony Express Postal History
- Pony Express In The United Kingdom
- Advertisement for riders
References
The
Pony Express was a fast mail service crossing the
North American continent from St. Joseph, Missouri, to
San Francisco from April 1860 to October 1861. Messages were mail delivery by animal relay across the prairies, plains, deserts, and mountains of the Western United States. It briefly reduced the time for mail to travel between the
Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean coasts to around ten days. Bradley, Glenn D.
The Story of the Pony Express: An Account of the Most Remarkable Mail Service Ever in Existence, and Its Place in History. Project Gutenberg Release #4671
By traveling a slightly shorter route and using mounted riders rather than stagecoaches, the founders of the Pony Express hoped to establish their service as a faster and more reliable conduit for the mail and win away the exclusive government mail contract.
The Pony Express demonstrated that a unified transcontinental system could be built and operated continuously the year around — something that had previously been regarded as impossible. Since its replacement by the
First Transcontinental Telegraph and First Transcontinental Railroad, the Pony Express has entered the romance of the
American Old West. Its reliance on the ability and endurance of the individual riders and horses over technological innovation is part of "American rugged individualism".
In 2006, the United States Postal Service trademarked the name "Pony Express".
Background
in St. Joseph, MissouriFounded By William Hepburn Russell,
William B. Waddell, and Alexander Majors, the Pony Express officially opened on April 3, 1860. The first trip, westbound, was made in 10 days, 7 hours, and 45 minutes. The eastbound trip was made in 11 days and 12 hrs. Every 24hrs they covered 250 mi.The Pony Express, established a year before the beginning of the
American Civil War, reflected the need to provide fast and reliable communication with the West.
In 1845, it took
President of the United States James K. Polk six months to deliver a message to the Far West. Messages in those days had to travel around the tip of South America (
Tierra del Fuego) or across the isthmus of Panama.
By 1860, the fastest route was the
Butterfield Overland Mail line from
St. Louis, Missouri, through
El Paso, Texas, which took 25 days. It was almost 600 miles (950 km) shorter to deliver the mail over a
Central Nevada Route or
California Trail route. There were concerns, however, whether these alternatives were viable during the winter snows.
In 1854, Benjamin Franklin Ficklin, an employee of the firm of Russell, Majors and Waddell, is said to have first proposed a faster northern route to California Senator
William M. Gwin.Russell, Majors and Waddell, headquartered in Lexington, Missouri (the hometown of Russell and Waddell), was one of the biggest outfitters for travelers on the
Santa Fe Trail and Oregon Trail trails. The firm operated a vast complex in the
West Bottoms of Kansas City, Missouri, and also outfitted the army from its western base at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas.
In October 1857, Russell, Majors and Waddell faced financial ruin when
Lot Smith and his
Nauvoo Legion destroyed 54 of their wagons during the
Utah War. The Army did not reimburse the firm, and the company began looking for other avenues for funds. In 1859, they bought from
Ben Holladay the contract to deliver mail between Leavenworth and Salt Lake City, Utah.
On January 27,
1860, William Hepburn Russell wired the firm from Leavenworth that Gwin was supporting a contract for California service on the central route provided that it be delivered in 10 days and be ready to debut by April. They renamed their Leavenworth & Pikes Peak Express to the Central Overland California and Pikes Peak Express Company to attempt the feat.
The Hannibal & St. Joseph Railroad had just opened in 1859 and was the first railroad to cross
Missouri. It was 30 miles (48 km) up the
Missouri River from Leavenworth in St. Joseph. It was determined that this would be the starting point for a rapid central mail route to California.
Alexander Majors and Ficklin assembled 190 relay stations over 1,966 miles (3,106 km) from St. Joseph to Sacramento, along with 50 riders and 500 horses. They completed the task in time for the April 3, 1860, opening. Ficklin later clashed with Russell and quit the business in July 1860. He became one of the incorporators of the
Pacific Telegraph Company.
Operation
in St. Joseph, MissouriPony Express stations were placed at intervals of about 10 miles (16 km) along the route , roughly the maximum distance a horse can travel at full gallop. The rider changed to a fresh horse at each station, taking only the mail pouch (called a
mochila, Spanish (from Basque language) for "pouch") with him. The
mochila was thrown over the saddle and held in place by the weight of the rider sitting on it. Each corner had a
cantina, or pocket. Bundles of mail were placed in these
cantinas, which were padlocked for safety. The
mochila could hold 20 pounds (10 kg) of mail along with the 20 pounds of material carried on the horse, allowing for a total of 165 pounds (75 kg) on the horse's back. Riders, who could not weigh over 125 pounds, were changed about every 75–100 miles (120-160 km). Included in that 20 pounds were: a water sac, a Bible, a knife, a horn for alerting the relay station master to prepare the next horse, a revolver, and a choice of a rifle or another revolver. Eventually, they took away everything except one revolver and a water sac to cut down on the weight. The riders received $100 per month as pay.
Majors had acquired over 400 horses for the project, and these averaged about 14½ hands (1.47 m) high and weighed under 900 pounds (410 kg), thus the name pony was appropriate, even if not strictly correct for all the horses.
Route
The route roughly followed the Oregon Trail,
Mormon Trail and
California Trail.After crossing the Missouri River at St. Joseph to Kansas, it followed what is modern day
U.S. Route 36—the
Pony Express Highway—to Marysville, Kansas, where it turned northwest following Little Blue River to Fort Kearney in Nebraska. Through Nebraska it followed the
Platte River, cutting through Gothenburg, Nebraska and passing Courthouse Rock, Chimney Rock, and
Scotts Bluff National Monument, clipping the edge of
Colorado at
Julesburg, Colorado, before arriving Fort Laramie in
Wyoming. From there it followed the Sweetwater River (Wyoming), passing Independence Rock, Devil's Gate, and Split Rock, to
Fort Caspar, through South Pass to Fort Bridger and then down to Salt Lake City. It crossed the
Great Basin, the Central Nevada Route, and the
Sierra Nevada (U.S.) near Lake Tahoe before arriving in
Sacramento. Mail was then sent via steamer down the
Sacramento River to San Francisco. On a few instances when the steamer was missed, riders took the mail via horseback to Oakland, California.
The First Ride
The rides were scheduled to leave San Francisco and St. Joseph simultaneously on April 3, 1860 although the westbound route has gotten more publicity. No photographs of riders beginning in either direction are known and none are believed to exist.
Westbound
The messenger delivering the
mochila from New York City and
Washington, D.C. missed a connection in
Detroit, Michigan and arrived in
Hannibal, Missouri, two hours late. The railroad cleared the track and dispatched a special locomotive called the "Missouri" with a one-car train to make the 206-mile (332 km) trek across the state in a record 4 hours, 51 minutes — an average of 40 miles per hour (64 km/h). Hannibal & Joseph Railroad at xphomestation.com It arrived at Olive and 8th Street — a few blocks from the company's new headquarters in a hotel at
Patee House at 12th Street and Pennsylvania and the company's nearby stables on Pennsylvania. The first pouch contained 49 letters, five private telegrams, and some papers for San Francisco and intermediate points.
The Great Race Against Time: Birth of the Pony Express - National Park Service
St. Joseph Mayor M. Jeff Thompson, William Russell and Alexander Majors gave speeches before the
mochila was handed off. There is debate over who actually was the first rider. The ride began at about 7:15 p.m.
The first horse-ridden leg of the Express was only about a half mile (800 m) from the Express stables/railroad area to the Missouri River ferry at the foot of Jules Street. Johnny Fry is credited as the first "real" westbound rider. He carried the pouch across the Missouri River ferry to Elwood, Kansas. Reports indicated that horse and rider crossed the river; however, subsequently, the courier crossed the river without a horse, getting the mount at a stable on the other side. Fry then rode to Seneca, Kansas.
Johnson William Richardson, who was 9 at the time, was believed to have been the actual first rider when he took the pouch the few blocks to the ferry. His brother who managed the stables is said to have thrown the mailbags on his mount. Richardson did not ride after this first instance. First Rider - Westbound at xhomestation.com
The first westbound mochila reached its destination, San Francisco, on April 14, at 1:00 a.m.
Eastbound
James Randall is credited as the first rider from the San Francisco Alta telegraph office since he was on the steamship
Antelope to go to Sacramento. At 2:45 a.m., William (Sam) Hamilton was the first rider to begin the journey from Sacramento.
Closing
was cancelled in
Virginia City, Nevada, Nevada, and used on a revived Pony Express run between there and Sacramento beginning in 1862.Although the Pony Express proved that the central/northern route was viable, Russell, Majors and Waddell did not get the contract to deliver mail over the route. The contract was instead awarded to
Ben Holladay in March 1861, who had taken over the Butterfield Stage. Holladay took over the Russell, Majors and Waddell stations for his stagecoaches. From March 1861, the Pony Express only ran mail between Salt Lake City and Sacramento. The Pony Express announced its closure on October 26, 1861, two days after the First Transcontinental Telegraph reached Salt Lake City. The History stjosephmuseum.org
The Pony Express had grossed $90,000 and lost $200,000. Financial Problems at xhomestation.com In 1866, after the American Civil War was over, Holladay sold the Pony Express assets along with the remnants of the Butterfield Stage to Wells Fargo for $1.5 million.
Trademarks and logos
security patchWells Fargo used the Pony Express logo for its guard and
armored car service. The logo continued to be used when other companies took over the security business into the 1990s. Effective 2001, the Pony Express logo was no longer used for security businesses since the business has been sold. WELLS FARGO REACQUIRES NAME RIGHTS FROM BORG-WARNER May 4, 1999 Press Release
In June 2006, the
United States Postal Service announced it had trademarked "Pony Express" along with
Air Mail. U.S. POSTAL SERVICE EXPANDS LICENSING PROGRAM News Release #06-043 June 20, 2006
"Pony Express" is trademarked name used by Freight Link international courier services company in Russia, their logo is also similar to the one trademarked by United States Postal Service with "Since 1860" written under the image. Pony Express Russia (Freight Link)
Legacy
Pony Express statues are in Sacramento;
Stateline, Nevada;
Reno, Nevada; Salt Lake City;
Casper, Wyoming; Julesburg, Colorado; North Kansas City, Missouri; and St. Joseph. The original and most famous is the one dedicated on April 20,
1940, in St. Joseph. It was sculpted by
Hermon Atkins MacNeil. It is at City Hall Park. The city has rejected proposals to move it to the park opposite the stables.
McGraw Hill and AMERIKIDS USA produced the educational game PONY EXPRESS RIDER in 1996 to teach the value of the Pony Express in helping the Union win the Civil War. The Pony Express helped the Union uncover the plans of the
Knights of the Golden Circle.
See also
External links
- Detailed history of the Pony Express
- St. Joseph Museum Inc., Pony Express History
- Hollenberg Pony Express Station
- Pony Express home station
- "The Story Of The Pony Express" from the National Postal Museum
- The Pony Express for Kids
- Pony Express Postal History
- Pony Express In The United Kingdom
- Advertisement for riders
References
Pony Express National Museum - Saint Joseph, Missouri - Home
Information on the Old West's most famous mail service.
Pony Express National Museum - Saint Joseph, Missouri - History
Come and experience the many exciting, educational, state-of-the-art exhibits conveying the need, creation, operation and termination of the Pony Express. Whatever your age ...
PONY EXPRESS Russia | Courier delivery, express delivery
The leading national operator on the market of mail and cargo express delivery over Russia, to the CIS countries and abroad.
PONY EXPRESS Россия | Экспресс-почта ...
pony express — ведущий национальный оператор на рынке экспресс-доставки почты и грузов в России. Начав ...
Pony Express - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Pony Express was a fast mail service crossing the North American continent from St. Joseph, Missouri, to Sacramento, California from April 1860 to October 1861.
KBF - The Pony Express
Thursday August 21 2008
Pony Express Home Station
Information on the Pony Express which delivered mail to the American West from April 1860 to November 1861.
American West - Pony Express Information
Find fast facts describing the beginning and end of the service, quickest and longest journeys, rider credentials, and types of horses used.
Stillwater Pony Express
Selection and Review of Instructional Materials Committee determined. English curriculum challenged . Where the Heart Is appropriate for classroom use
Pony Express Quality Tack - Tack for Horses - Bridles, halters, saddle ...
Tack for endurance riding and custom embroidery for awards.
